Modern Hard Disk implements a System called SMART (Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting) that uses the electronics on the drive to store diagnostic and perform various tests which will help in the prediction of imminent failure of the Hard Disk.

Enable SMART in BIOS

Check and Enabled in the Computer’s BIOS/firmware menu if it not defaulted

Install smartmontools

# dnf install smartmontools

Check SMART data can be accessed

# smartctl --info /dev/sdb

SMART health check

# smartctl --health /dev/sdb

Depending on the amount of information. You need to either run a short test or a long run

# smartctl --test=short /dev/sdb
# smartctl --test=long /dev/sdb

When the smartctl test has completed, do take a look at

# smartctl --log=selftest /dev/sdb