The EPEL is an acronym for Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux. The EPEL repository used by the following Linux Distributions:
On the Terminal,
Install EPEL Repository
# yum -y install epel-releaseRefresh EPEL Repository
# yum repolistInstall Packages from EPEL Repository
# yum install -y htopSearch and install Package (E.g. htop)
# yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="epel" list available | grep 'htop'If you doing a yum update or yum install for CentOS 6. You might face the error:
Setting up Upgrade Process YumRepo Error: All mirror URLs are not using ftp, http[s] or file. Eg. Invalid release/repo/arch combination/ removing mirrorlist with no valid mirrors: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/6/base/mirrorlist.txt Error: Cannot retrieve repository metadata (repomd.xml) for repository: base. Please verify its path and try again
This is because YUM repository was removed from the main CentOS update servers. As a result, no security or feature upgrades are provided.
Where are these obsolete Yum Repository now? They are found in CentOS Vault Repository. To use the Vault repository, set up its repo configuration instead of the now defunct repositories configuration:
# curl https://www.getpagespeed.com/files/centos6-eol.repo --output /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
You may want to edit CentOS-Base.repo directly. My OS is CentOs 6.9
..... ..... [base] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os&infra=$infra #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ baseurl=https://vault.centos.org/6.9/os/$basearch/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #released updates [updates] name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates&infra=$infra #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/ baseurl=https://vault.centos.org/6.9/updates/$basearch/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras&infra=$infra #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/ baseurl=https://vault.centos.org/6.9/extras/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus&infra=$infra #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #contrib - packages by Centos Users [contrib] name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib&infra=$infra #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
For EPEL Repository
# curl https://www.getpagespeed.com/files/centos6-epel-eol.repo --output /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
For SCLO repositories
# curl https://www.getpagespeed.com/files/centos6-scl-eol.repo --output /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-SCLo-scl.repo # curl https://www.getpagespeed.com/files/centos6-scl-rh-eol.repo --output /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-SCLo-scl-rh.repo
References:
Point 1: List Yum actions list
(base) [root@hpc-node1 ~]# yum history list Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks ID | Login user | Date and time | Action(s) | Altered ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42 | root <root> | 2020-06-30 11:36 | I, U | 3 41 | 12345 | 2020-06-04 16:43 | Install | 2 40 | 12345 | 2020-06-04 16:26 | I, O, U | 878 E< 39 | 12345 | 2020-03-20 13:54 | Install | 1 > 38 | 12345 | 2020-03-20 13:46 | Install | 1 37 | 12345 | 2020-03-20 13:45 | Install | 2 36 | 12345 | 2020-03-20 13:44 | Install | 1 35 | 12345 | 2020-03-20 13:43 | Install | 28 34 | 12345 | 2020-03-20 12:52 | Update | 4 33 | 12345 | 2020-03-20 12:51 | Install | 1 32 | 12345 | 2020-03-20 12:43 | Update | 1 31 | 12345 | 2020-03-20 11:10 | Install | 1 30 | 12345 | 2020-03-20 10:53 | Install | 2 29 | 12345 | 2020-02-20 14:54 | Install | 1 28 | 12345 | 2020-01-23 16:10 | I, U | 2 27 | 12345 | 2020-01-15 15:03 | Update | 15 26 | 12345 | 2020-01-15 15:03 | I, U | 18 25 | 12345 | 2020-01-15 15:03 | Update | 3 24 | 12345 | 2019-11-07 11:00 | Install | 1 < 23 | 12345 | 2019-09-23 12:47 | Install | 1 >
Point 2: Undo the Yum action.
(base) [root@hpc-node1 boot]# yum history undo 42 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Undoing transaction 42, from Tue Jun 30 11:36:18 2020 ..... ..... Running transaction Installing : ntpdate-4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.x86_64 1/4 Erasing : ntp-4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.2.x86_64 2/4 Erasing : autogen-libopts-5.18-5.el7.x86_64 3/4 Cleanup : ntpdate-4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.2.x86_64 4/4 Verifying : ntpdate-4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.x86_64 1/4 Verifying : ntp-4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.2.x86_64 2/4 Verifying : autogen-libopts-5.18-5.el7.x86_64 3/4 Verifying : ntpdate-4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.2.x86_64 4/4 Removed: autogen-libopts.x86_64 0:5.18-5.el7 ntp.x86_64 0:4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.2 ntpdate.x86_64 0:4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.2 Installed: ntpdate.x86_64 0:4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos Complete!
Point 3 – Check on the history of a particular package
yum history list ntpdate
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
ID | Login user | Date and time | Action(s) | Altered
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
43 | root | 2020-07-06 11:31 | D, E | 3
42 | root | 2020-06-30 11:36 | I, U | 3
40 | root | 2020-06-04 16:26 | I, O, U | 878 EE
2 | root | 2019-07-09 09:31 | I, U | 1029 EE
If you encounter the error when you run applications like MATLAB on CentOS 6
libGL error: unable to load driver: swrast_dri.so libGL error: failed to load driver: swrast
You need to install mesa-libGLU*.x86_64 and mesa-libGLU*.i686
yum install mesa-libGLU*.i686 mesa-libGLU*.x86_64
The Linux Cluster 