Author: kittycool only

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Intel MPI Library Over Libfabric*

Taken from Intel Performance Libraries, Intel® MPI Library Over Libfabric*

What is Libfabric?

Libfabric is a low-level communication abstraction for high-performance networks. It hides most transport and hardware implementation details from middleware and applications to provide high-performance portability between diverse fabrics.

Using the Intel MPI Library Distribution of Libfabric

By default, mpivars.sh sets the environment to the version of libfabric shipped with the Intel MPI Library. To disable this, use the I_MPI_OFI_LIBRARY_INTERNAL environment variable or -ofi_internal (by default ofi_internal=1)

# source /usr/local/intel/2018u3/impi/2018.3.222/bin64/mpivars.sh -ofi_internal=1
# I_MPI_DEBUG=4 mpirun -n 1 IMB-MPI1 barrier
[0] MPI startup(): libfabric version: 1.7.2a-impi
[0] MPI startup(): libfabric provider: verbs;ofi_rxm
[0] MPI startup(): Rank    Pid      Node name   Pin cpu
[0] MPI startup(): 0       130358   hpc-n1  {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,
                                  30,31}
#------------------------------------------------------------
#    Intel(R) MPI Benchmarks 2019 Update 4, MPI-1 part
#------------------------------------------------------------
# Date                  : Thu May 20 12:57:03 2021
# Machine               : x86_64
# System                : Linux
# Release               : 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
# Version               : #1 SMP Tue Aug 22 21:09:27 UTC 2017
# MPI Version           : 3.1
# MPI Thread Environment:


# Calling sequence was:

# IMB-MPI1 barrier

# Minimum message length in bytes:   0
# Maximum message length in bytes:   4194304
#
# MPI_Datatype                   :   MPI_BYTE
# MPI_Datatype for reductions    :   MPI_FLOAT
# MPI_Op                         :   MPI_SUM
#
#

# List of Benchmarks to run:

# Barrier

#---------------------------------------------------
# Benchmarking Barrier
# #processes = 1
#---------------------------------------------------
 #repetitions  t_min[usec]  t_max[usec]  t_avg[usec]
         1000         0.08         0.08         0.08


# All processes entering MPI_Finalize

Changing the -ofi_internal=0

# source /usr/local/intel/2018u3/impi/2018.3.222/bin64/mpivars.sh -ofi_internal=0
# I_MPI_DEBUG=4 mpirun -n 1 IMB-MPI1 barrier
[0] MPI startup(): libfabric version: 1.1.0-impi
[0] MPI startup(): libfabric provider: mlx
.....
.....

Common OFI Controls

To select the OFI provider from the libfabric library, you can use definte the name of the OFI Provider to load 

export I_MPI_OFI_PROVIDER=tcp

Logging Interfaces

FI_LOG_LEVEL=<level> controls the amount of logging data that is output. The following log levels are defined:

  • Warn: Warn is the least verbose setting and is intended for reporting errors or warnings.
  • Trace: Trace is more verbose and is meant to include non-detailed output helpful for tracing program execution.
  • Info: Info is high traffic and meant for detailed output.
  • Debug: Debug is high traffic and is likely to impact application performance. Debug output is only available if the library has been compiled with debugging enabled.

References:

  1. Intel® MPI Library Over Libfabric*
  2. New MPI error with Intel 2019.1, unable to run MPI hello world
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RELION – Performance Benchmark and Profiling

What is RELION?

RELION (REgularized LIkelihood OptimizatioN) is an open-source program for the refinement of macromolecular structures by single-particle analysis of electron cryomicroscopy (cryo-EM) data

RELION (REgularized LIkelihood OptimizatioN) implements an empirical Bayesian approach for analysis of electron cryo-microscopy (Cryo-EM)

RELION provides refinement methods of singular or multiple 3D reconstructions as well as 2D class averages

RELION is an important tool in the study of living cells

HPC-AI Advisory Council

Performance Analysis Summary

(from Article See RELION – Performance Benchmark and Profiling)

RELION performance testing

  • Pool size 4,8,16 gave best performance on 16,24,32 nodes
  • SHARP In-Network Computing reduces MPI time by 13% and increase overall application performance by 5
  • Performance advantages increases with system size, up to 32 nodes were tested

RELION Profile

  • Rank #0 does not perform computation
  • Mostly MPI_Barrier (70%)
  • Ring communication matrix

References:

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Centrify Client goes into disconnect mode

The article is taken from Centrify Knowledge Base (KB-1425): adclient goes into “disconnected mode”

Causes

There are several reasons why adclient can goes into disconnect mode. According to the article, it could be due to

  • Replication Delays
  • Expired Computer Password or not renewed or out of sync

Solution:

In Linux, you can restart the Centrify DirectControl Service

# /etc/init.d/centrifydc restart
Stopping Centrify DirectControl:                           [  OK  ]
Starting Centrify DirectControl:                           [  OK  ]
adclient state is: connected

OR you can reset computer object on UNIX/LINUX client:

# adkeytab -r -u administrator@yourdomain.com

Notes:

Machine password renewal can be turned off (for testing purposes only) in /etc/centrifydc/centrifydc.conf by making the following change and running adreload. (Default is 28 days)

adclient.krb5.password.change.interval: 0

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Ways to speed up your program

This is an interesting writeup on various ways to speed up your application. This is useful if you are getting into HPC for the first time. The author POR IVICA BOGOSAVLJEVIĆ suggested various ways

  • Distributing workload to multiple CPU cores
  • Distributing workload to accelerators
  • Usage of vectorization capabilities of your CPU
  • Optimizing for the memory subsystem
  • Optimizing for the CPU’s branch prediction unit

References:

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Great Tools for AMD EPYC

  1. AMD EPYC™ Processor Selector Tool with Kit Configurator
    Compare your current CPU with AMD EPYC™ CPUs on price, cores, and performance, then build out your ideal server.
  2. AMD EPYC™ Server Virtualization TCO Estimation Tool
    See the potential value AMD EPYC™ CPUs may deliver for your datacenter. Input your VM requirements and environment factors like power, real estate cost, select your virtualization license, and more. Compare your current x86 based server solution to a solution powered by AMD EPYC™ processors.
  3. AMD EPYC™ Bare Metal TCO Estimation Tool
    Discover the potential value that AMD EPYC™ CPUs can deliver for your bare metal server environment. Compare by server count, performance, or total budget. Then select your filter, your processor comparisons, and system memory requirements. Choose 3, 4, or 5 year time frames for your AMD EPYC™ Bare Metal TCO estimation.
  4. AMD Cloud Cost Advisor
    Discover the  potential value AMD EPYC™ CPUs bring to the cloud with the latest cost analysis tool. AMD Cloud Cost Advisor helps with real-time insights into estimated cost savings when switching to cloud instances powered by AMD within the same cloud service provider.

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IBM claimed to have made the world’s first 2nm chip

IBM claims that the 2nm chip could achieve 45 percent higher performance, or 75 percent lower energy use, than “today’s most advanced 7nm node chips.”

Darío Gil, SVP and director of IBM Research.

A single human hair spans a whopping 50,000-75,000 nanometers. A human red blood cell is 6,000-8,000nm. Covid-19 is 50-140nm…….. To build nodes 3nm and below requires extremely expensive and sensitive equipment, and a rethink on how nodes are laid out – hence the different metrics now used to measure smaller nodes.

DataDynamics (https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/ibm-claims-to-have-made-the-worlds-first-2nm-chip/)

References

  1. IBM claims to have made the world’s first 2nm chip (DataDynamics)
  2. IBM Creates First 2nm Chip (Anandtech)
  3. IBM 2nm chip breakthrough claims more power with less energy (BBC)